标签： Microsoft

出处：http://www.fmddlmyy.cn/text6.html

这是一篇程序员写给程序员的趣味读物。所谓趣味是指可以比较轻松地了解一些原来不清楚的概念，增进知识，类似于打RPG游戏的升级。整理这篇文章的动机是两个问题：

问题一：

使用Windows记事本的“另存为”，可以在GBK、Unicode、Unicode big endian和UTF-8这几种编码方式间相互转换。同样是txt文件，Windows是怎样识别编码方式的呢？

我很早前就发现Unicode、Unicode big endian和UTF-8编码的txt文件的开头会多出几个字节，分别是FF、FE（Unicode）,FE、FF（Unicode big endian）,EF、BB、BF（UTF-8）。但这些标记是基于什么标准呢？

问题二：

最近在网上看到一个ConvertUTF.c，实现了UTF-32、UTF-16和UTF-8这三种编码方式的相互转换。对于Unicode(UCS2)、GBK、UTF-8这些编码方式，我原来就了解。但这个程序让我有些糊涂，想不起来UTF-16和UCS2有什么关系。

查了查相关资料，总算将这些问题弄清楚了，顺带也了解了一些Unicode的细节。写成一篇文章，送给有过类似疑问的朋友。本文在写作时尽量做到通俗易懂，但要求读者知道什么是字节，什么是十六进制。

继续阅读谈谈Unicode编码，简要解释UCS、UTF、BMP、BOM等名词 [转]

在安装完DexExpress后，启动VS2015每次创建新项目都弹出“未能正确加载“RoslynPackage”包”的对话框，解决方法如下：

1、删除以下文件夹%appdata%\Local\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0\ComponentModelCache （以防万一，请做好备份）

2、删除以下文件夹%appdata%\Local\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0\Extensions （以防万一，请做好备份）。P.S.无法删除的话就删除文件夹内的文件。

3、重新打开VS2015，程序自动扫描已安装的扩展并重新生成新的文件夹

'来源：http://www.vbforums.com/showthread.php?622242-TabControl-with-Close-button-on-TabPages-(with-Design-Time-support)

Option Strict On
Imports System.ComponentModel



<ToolboxBitmap(GetType(System.Windows.Forms.TabControl))>
Public Class TabControlEx
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.TabControl

    Private Declare Auto Function SetParent Lib "user32" (ByVal hWndChild As IntPtr, ByVal hWndNewParent As IntPtr) As IntPtr
    Protected CloseButtonCollection As New Dictionary(Of Button, TabPage)
    Private _ShowCloseButtonOnCurrentTab As Boolean = True
    Private _ShowCloseButtonOnTabs As Boolean = False


    <Browsable(True), DefaultValue(True), Category("Behavior"), Description("Indicates whether a close button should be shown on each TabPage")>
    Public Property ShowCloseButtonOnCurrentTab() As Boolean
        Get
            Return _ShowCloseButtonOnCurrentTab
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As Boolean)
            _ShowCloseButtonOnCurrentTab = value
            For Each btn In CloseButtonCollection.Keys
                btn.Visible = _ShowCloseButtonOnCurrentTab
            Next
            RePositionCloseButtons()
        End Set
    End Property


    <Browsable(True), DefaultValue(True), Category("Behavior"), Description("Indicates whether a close button should be shown on each TabPage")>
    Public Property ShowCloseButtonOnTabs() As Boolean
        Get
            Return _ShowCloseButtonOnTabs
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As Boolean)
            _ShowCloseButtonOnTabs = value

            RePositionCloseButtons()
        End Set
    End Property

    Protected Overrides Sub OnCreateControl()
        MyBase.OnCreateControl()


        For Each item In CloseButtonCollection
            item.Value.Text = item.Value.Text.Trim & Space(4)
        Next

        RePositionCloseButtons()
    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub OnControlAdded(ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.ControlEventArgs)
        MyBase.OnControlAdded(e)
        Dim tp As TabPage = DirectCast(e.Control, TabPage)
        Dim rect As Rectangle = Me.GetTabRect(Me.TabPages.IndexOf(tp))
        Dim btn As Button = AddCloseButton(tp)
        btn.Size = New Size(rect.Height - 1, rect.Height - 1)
        btn.Location = New Point(rect.X + rect.Width - rect.Height - 1, rect.Y + 1)
        SetParent(btn.Handle, Me.Handle)
        AddHandler btn.Click, AddressOf OnCloseButtonClick
        CloseButtonCollection.Add(btn, tp)
    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub OnControlRemoved(ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.ControlEventArgs)
        Dim btn As Button = CloseButtonOfTabPage(DirectCast(e.Control, TabPage))
        RemoveHandler btn.Click, AddressOf OnCloseButtonClick
        CloseButtonCollection.Remove(btn)
        SetParent(btn.Handle, Nothing)
        btn.Dispose()
        MyBase.OnControlRemoved(e)
    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub OnLayout(ByVal levent As System.Windows.Forms.LayoutEventArgs)
        MyBase.OnLayout(levent)
        RePositionCloseButtons()
    End Sub

    Public Event CloseButtonClick As CancelEventHandler
    Protected Overridable Sub OnCloseButtonClick(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
        If Not DesignMode Then
            Dim btn As Button = DirectCast(sender, Button)
            Dim tp As TabPage = CloseButtonCollection(btn)
            Dim ee As New CancelEventArgs
            RaiseEvent CloseButtonClick(sender, ee)

            If Not ee.Cancel Then
                If MsgBox("是否关闭 " + tp.Text.Trim + "标签?") = MsgBoxResult.Ok Then
                    Me.TabPages.Remove(tp)
                    RePositionCloseButtons()
                End If
            End If
            End If
    End Sub

    Protected Overridable Function AddCloseButton(ByVal tp As TabPage) As Button
        Dim closeButton As New Button
        With closeButton
            '' TODO: Give a good visual appearance to the Close button, maybe by assigning images etc.
            ''       Here I have not used images to keep things simple.
            .Text = "X"
            .FlatStyle = FlatStyle.Flat
            .BackColor = Color.FromKnownColor(KnownColor.ButtonFace)
            .ForeColor = Color.White
            .Font = New Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 6, FontStyle.Bold)
        End With
        Return closeButton
    End Function

    Public Sub RePositionCloseButtons()
        For Each item In CloseButtonCollection
            RePositionCloseButtons(item.Value)
        Next
    End Sub

    Public Sub RePositionCloseButtons(ByVal tp As TabPage)
        Dim btn As Button = CloseButtonOfTabPage(tp)
        If btn IsNot Nothing Then
            Dim tpIndex As Integer = Me.TabPages.IndexOf(tp)
            If tpIndex >= 0 Then
                Dim rect As Rectangle = Me.GetTabRect(tpIndex)
                If Me.SelectedTab Is tp Then
                    btn.BackColor = Color.Red
                    btn.Size = New Size(rect.Height - 1, rect.Height - 1)
                    btn.Location = New Point(rect.X + rect.Width - rect.Height, rect.Y + 1)
                    btn.Visible = ShowCloseButtonOnCurrentTab
                Else
                    btn.BackColor = Color.FromKnownColor(KnownColor.ButtonFace)
                    btn.Size = New Size(rect.Height - 3, rect.Height - 3)
                    btn.Location = New Point(rect.X + rect.Width - rect.Height - 1, rect.Y + 1)
                    btn.Visible = Me.ShowCloseButtonOnTabs
                End If

                btn.BringToFront()
            End If
        End If
    End Sub

    Protected Function CloseButtonOfTabPage(ByVal tp As TabPage) As Button
        Return (From item In CloseButtonCollection Where item.Value Is tp Select item.Key).FirstOrDefault
    End Function
End Class